Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/November
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| Selected anniversaries for November | ||||||
| Su | Mo | Tu | We | Th | Fr | Sa |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
| 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 |
| 29 | 30 | |||||
| An archive of historical anniversaries that appeared on the Main Page 2009 day arrangement |
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November 1: National Day in Algeria; Independence Day in Antigua and Barbuda (1981); All Saints' Day in Western Christianity; World Vegan Day
- 1512 – Italian Renaissance painter Michelangelo finished repainting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel (part pictured) in fresco.
- 1520 – Portuguese maritime explorer Ferdinand Magellan led the first European expedition to navigate the Strait of Magellan, the passage immediately south of mainland South America, connecting the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans.
- 1755 – A massive earthquake and subsequent tsunami destroyed Lisbon, and killed at least 60,000 people in Portugal and Morocco.
- 1800 – John Adams became the first President of the United States to take residence in the Executive Mansion, later re-named the White House.
- 1928 – As part of the reforms implemented under the leadership of Turkish President Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the current 29-letter Turkish alphabet, used for the Turkish language, was established, replacing the Ottoman Turkish alphabet.
- 1963 – The Arecibo Observatory, with the world's largest single-dish radio telescope, officially opened in Arecibo, Puerto Rico.
More events: October 31 – November 1 – November 2
November 2: All Souls' Day in Western Christianity; Day of the Dead in Mexico
- 1795 – French Revolution: Under the terms of a new constitution that was ratified during the aftermath of the Reign of Terror and the subsequent Thermidorian Reaction, the Directory succeeded the National Convention as the executive government of France.
- 1917 – British Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour issued the Balfour Declaration, proclaiming British support for the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
- 1947 – American industrialist and aviator Howard Hughes flew Spruce Goose (pictured), the largest flying boat ever built, on its maiden flight from the coast of Long Beach, California, USA.
- 1963 – President of South Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem was assassinated, marking the culmination of a successful coup d'état led by General Duong Van Minh.
- 2000 – Expedition 1: American astronaut William Shepherd and Russian cosmonauts Sergei Krikalev and Yuri Gidzenko became the first resident crew to arrive at the International Space Station.
More events: November 1 – November 2 – November 3
November 3: Independence Day in Panama (1903), Dominica (1978) and the Federated States of Micronesia (1986); Culture Day in Japan
- 1793 – French playwright, journalist and outspoken feminist Olympe de Gouges (pictured) was guillotined for her revolutionary ideas.
- 1838 – The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper, was founded as the The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.
- 1848 – A new constitution drafted by Johan Rudolf Thorbecke was proclaimed, severely limiting the powers of the monarchy of the Netherlands.
- 1948 – The Chicago Tribune newspaper published the erroneous headline "Dewey Defeats Truman" shortly after incumbent U.S. President Harry S. Truman upset heavily favored Governor of New York Thomas Dewey in the U.S. presidential election.
- 1957 – The Soviet Union launched the Sputnik 2 spacecraft, carrying Laika the Russian space dog as the first living creature from Earth to enter orbit.
More events: November 2 – November 3 – November 4
November 4: Election Day in various regions of the United States (2008); Flag Day in Panama; Unity Day in Russia
- 1791 – Northwest Indian War: In the most severe defeat ever suffered by the United States at the hands of American Indians, the Western Confederacy won a major victory at the Battle of the Wabash near present-day Fort Recovery in Ohio.
- 1852 – Count Cavour (pictured) became prime minister of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expanded to become the Kingdom of Italy.
- 1890 – London's City and South London Railway, the first deep-level underground railway in the world, opened, running a distance of 5.1 km (3.2 mi) between the City of London and Stockwell.
- 1979 – Hundreds of Iranian students supporting the Iranian Revolution seized the U.S. embassy in Tehran, beginning a 444-day hostage crisis.
- 1995 – Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin was mortally wounded by Yigal Amir while at a peace rally at the Kings of Israel Square in Tel Aviv.
More events: November 3 – November 4 – November 5
November 5: Guy Fawkes Night in the United Kingdom and some Commonwealth countries
- 1605 – Thomas Knyvet arrested explosives expert Guy Fawkes and foiled Robert Catesby's Gunpowder Plot to destroy the Houses of Parliament in London during the State Opening.
- 1688 – Prince William of Orange landed at Brixham in Devon, on his way to depose his father-in-law King James II (pictured), the last Catholic monarch of England.
- 1838 – The collapse of the Federal Republic of Central America began with Nicaragua seceding from the union.
- 1913 – King Otto of Bavaria was deposed by his cousin, Prince Regent Ludwig, who assumed the title Ludwig III of Bavaria.
- 1917 – St. Tikhon of Moscow was elected Patriarch of Moscow and of the Russian Orthodox Church.
More events: November 4 – November 5 – November 6
November 6: Constitution Day in the Dominican Republic (1844) and Tajikistan (1994); Gustavus Adolphus Day in Sweden
- 1632 – King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (pictured) was killed in the Battle of Lützen during the Thirty Years' War.
- 1869 – In the first official intercollegiate American football game, Rutgers College defeated the College of New Jersey, 6–4, in New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
- 1917 – World War I: Canadian forces captured Passendale, Belgium after three months of fighting against the Germans at the Third Battle of Ypres.
- 1935 – Before the Institute of Radio Engineers in New York, American electrical engineer and inventor Edwin Howard Armstrong presented his study on using frequency modulation for radio broadcasting.
- 1975 – Demonstrators in Morocco began the Green March to Spanish Sahara, calling for the "return of the Moroccan Sahara."
More events: November 5 – November 6 – November 7
November 7: October Revolution Day in Belarus and other various regions of the former Soviet Union
- 1665 – The London Gazette, the oldest surviving English language newspaper, was first published as the Oxford Gazette.
- 1811 – American forces led by Indiana Territory Governor William Henry Harrison defeated the forces of Shawnee leader Tecumseh's growing American Indian confederation at the Battle of Tippecanoe near present-day Battle Ground, Indiana.
- 1885 – Construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway, the first transcontinental railroad across Canada, concluded with financier and politician Sir Donald Smith driving in the "last spike" (pictured) in Craigellachie, British Columbia.
- 1917 – Vladimir Lenin led a Bolshevik insurrection against the Provisional Government of Alexander Kerensky, starting the Bolshevik Revolution, the second phase of the overall Russian Revolution.
- 1987 – Zine El Abidine Ben Ali deposed and replaced Habib Bourguiba as President of Tunisia, declaring him medically unfit for the duties of the office.
More events: November 6 – November 7 – November 8
November 8: St. Demetrius' Day in Republika Srpska
- 1520 – Following a successful invasion of Sweden by Danish forces under Christian II of Denmark, scores of Swedish leaders were executed despite Christian's promise of general amnesty.
- 1576 – The provinces of the Habsburg Netherlands signed the Pacification of Ghent, a peace treaty with the rebelling provinces Holland and Zeeland, and also an agreement to form an alliance to drive the occupying Spanish out of the country.
- 1861 – American Civil War: The USS San Jacinto stopped the British mailship Trent and arrested two Confederate envoys enroute to Europe, sparking a major diplomatic crisis between Great Britain and the United States.
- 1895 – German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range that is known today as X-rays (example pictured).
- 1987 – A Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb exploded during a Remembrance Sunday ceremony in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, killing at least eleven people and injuring sixty-three others.
More events: November 7 – November 8 – November 9
November 9: Remembrance Sunday in the United Kingdom (2008); Muhammad Iqbal's Day in Pakistan; Inventors' Day in Germany, Austria and Switzerland
- 1330 – The Battle of Posada between Basarab I of Wallachia (pictured) and Charles I Robert of Hungary began near the present-day border of Oltenia and Severin, Romania.
- 1918 – German Emperor William II abdicated, Prince Maximilian of Baden resigned as Chancellor, and Philipp Scheidemann proclaimed the Weimar Republic.
- 1938 – Kristallnacht began in Nazi Germany as a part of Adolf Hitler's anti-Semitic policy, leading to the murder of over 90 Jews, and the arrest and deportation of over 25,000 others to concentration camps.
- 1953 – Cambodia gained independence from France and became a constitutional monarchy under King Norodom Sihanouk.
- 1993 – War in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Croatian Defence Council forces destroyed the Stari most, a 16th-century bridge crossing the river Neretva in the city of Mostar.
More events: November 8 – November 9 – November 10
November 10: Remembrance of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (09:05 EET or 06:05 UTC, Turkey)
- 1775 – The United States Marine Corps was founded as the Continental Marines by a resolution of the Second Continental Congress during the American Revolutionary War.
- 1865 – Henry Wirz, the superintendent of the Confederacy's Andersonville Prison, was hanged as per a controversial conviction, becoming the only American Civil War soldier executed for war crimes.
- 1871 – "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?" – Journalist and explorer Henry Morton Stanley located missing missionary and explorer David Livingstone (pictured) in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika in present-day Tanzania.
- 1945 – Indonesian National Revolution: Following the killing of the British officer Brigadier Mallaby a few weeks prior, British forces began their retaliation by attacking Surabaya, Indonesia.
- 1995 – Playwright and environmental activist Ken Saro-Wiwa and eight others from the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People were executed by the Nigerian military government.
More events: November 9 – November 10 – November 11
November 11: Independence Day in Poland (1918) and Angola (1975); St. Martin's Day in the Netherlands; Remembrance Day in the Commonwealth; Armistice Day in Europe; Veterans Day in the United States
- 1675 – German polymath Gottfried Leibniz employed integral calculus for the first time to find the area under a function y = ƒ(x).
- 1918 – Germany and the Allies signed an armistice treaty in a railway carriage in France's Compiègne Forest, ending World War I on the Western Front.
- 1961 – A coup attempt by the Army of the Republic of Vietnam against President Ngo Dinh Diem was crushed after Diem falsely promised reform, allowing loyalists to rescue him.
- 1965 – Ian Smith, Premier of the British Crown Colony of Southern Rhodesia, issued the Unilateral Declaration of Independence, a move that the British government and the United Nations condemned as illegal.
- 2004 – Mahmoud Abbas was elected Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization after Yasser Arafat (pictured) died from an unknown illness.
More events: November 10 – November 11 – November 12
November 12: Birth of Bahá'u'lláh, a holy day in the Bahá'í Faith
- 1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe married Romanos III Argyros according to the wishes of the dying Constantine VIII.
- 1893 – Mortimer Durand, Foreign Secretary of British India, and Abdur Rahman Khan, Amir of Afghanistan, signed the Durand Line Agreement, establishing what is now the international border between Afghanistan and modern-day Pakistan.
- 1927 – Leon Trotsky was expelled from the Communist Party, leaving Joseph Stalin in undisputed control of the Soviet Union.
- 1942 – World War II: The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal (Japanese air attack pictured), the decisive engagement in a series of naval battles between Allied and Japanese forces during the months-long Guadalcanal campaign in the Solomon Islands, began.
- 1970 – The Oregon Highway Division attempted to destroy a rotting beached sperm whale near Florence, Oregon with explosives, leading to the exploding whale incident.
More events: November 11 – November 12 – November 13
November 13: Feast Day of Saint John Chrysostom (Eastern Orthodox Church)
- 1642 – First English Civil War: The Royalist army engaged the much larger Parliamentarian army at the Battle of Turnham Green near Turnham Green, Middlesex.
- 1954 – Great Britain defeated France at the Parc des Princes in Paris to win the first Rugby League World Cup.
- 1970 – The Bhola tropical cyclone hit the densely populated Ganges Delta in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), killing an estimated 500,000 people.
- 1982 – The Vietnam Veterans Memorial (pictured) in Constitution Gardens in Washington, D.C. was dedicated.
- 1985 – The volcano Nevado del Ruiz erupted, causing a volcanic mudslide that buried Armero, Colombia and killed approximately 23,000 people.
More events: November 12 – November 13 – November 14
November 14: World Diabetes Day; Children's Day in India; Day of the Colombian Woman in Colombia
- 1817 – Bolívar's War: Colombian seamstress Policarpa Salavarrieta was executed in Bogotá for working as a spy for the revolutionary forces in New Granada.
- 1889 – New York World reporter Nellie Bly embarked on her successful attempt to travel Around the World in Eighty Days, eventually completing her journey in only 72 days.
- 1940 – World War II: Coventry Cathedral and much of the city centre of Coventry, England were destroyed by the German Luftwaffe during the Coventry Blitz.
- 1971 – NASA's Mariner 9 reached Mars, becoming one of the first spacecraft to orbit another planet.
- 1990 – Germany and Poland signed the German-Polish Border Treaty, confirming their border at the Oder-Neisse line, which was originally defined by the Potsdam Agreement in 1945.
- 2003 – Astronomers Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo, and David L. Rabinowitz discovered the trans-Neptunian object 90377 Sedna (artist's impression pictured).
More events: November 13 – November 14 – November 15
November 15: Republic Day in Brazil (1889); Shichigosan in Japan
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- 655 – Penda of Mercia was defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria at the Battle of the Winwaed in what is modern-day Yorkshire.
- 1889 – A military coup led by Field Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca (pictured) overthrew Emperor Pedro II and declared Brazil a republic.
- 1971 – Intel released the 4004 4-bit central processing unit, the world's first commercially available microprocessor, capable of executing approximately 60,000 instructions per second.
- 1985 – Northern Ireland peace process: British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, and the Irish Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald signed the Anglo-Irish Agreement, giving the Irish Government an advisory role in Northern Ireland's government.
- 1988 – The Soviet Buran spacecraft, a reusable vehicle built in response to NASA's Space Shuttle program, was launched, unmanned, on her first and only space flight.
More events: November 14 – November 15 – November 16
November 16: International Day for Tolerance
- 1384 – Jadwiga was crowned "King of Poland" despite being a ten-year-old girl.
- 1532 – Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire: Spanish Conquistador Francisco Pizarro orchestrated a surprise attack in Cajamarca, Peru, capturing Sapa Inca Atahualpa.
- 1885 – After a five-day trial following the North-West Rebellion, Louis Riel, Canadian rebel leader of the Métis and "Father of Manitoba", was executed by hanging for high treason.
- 1938 – The psychedelic drug LSD (molecule pictured) was first synthesized by Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann at the Sandoz Laboratories in Basel, Switzerland.
- 1973 – U.S. President Richard Nixon signed the Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act, authorizing the construction of the Alaska Pipeline, an oil pipeline connecting the Arctic Ocean to the Gulf of Alaska.
- 2002 – The first case of the respiratory disease Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) was recorded in Guangdong, China.
More events: November 15 – November 16 – November 17
November 17: International Students' Day
- 1558 – Elizabeth I became Queen of England and Ireland, marking the beginning of the Elizabethan era.
- 1855 – Explorer David Livingstone became the first European to see Victoria Falls (pictured), one of the largest waterfalls in the world, on what is now the Zambia–Zimbabwe border.
- 1869 – The Suez Canal, which allows water transportation between Europe and Asia by linking the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea, opened to shipping.
- 1950 – Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, was enthroned as Tibet's head of state at the age of fifteen.
- 1997 – Sixty-two people were killed by Islamic terrorists outside the Deir el-Bahri, one of Egypt's top tourist attractions, in Luxor.
- 2005 – Il Canto degli Italiani officially became the national anthem of Italy almost sixty years after it was provisionally chosen following the Birth of the Italian Republic.
More events: November 16 – November 17 – November 18
November 18: Independence Day in Latvia (1918); National Day in Oman (1940)
- 1302 – Pope Boniface VIII issued the Papal bull Unam sanctam, proclaiming "there is one holy Catholic and Apostolic Church, outside of which there is neither salvation nor remission of sins".
- 1307 – William Tell, a legendary marksman in Switzerland, is said to have successfully shot an apple on his son's head with a single bolt from his crossbow.
- 1905 – Prince Carl of Denmark became Haakon VII, the first King of Norway after the personal union between Sweden and Norway was dissolved.
- 1978 – Jim Jones led more than 900 members of the Peoples Temple to mass murder/suicide in Jonestown, Guyana, hours after some of its members assassinated U.S. Congressman Leo Ryan (pictured).
- 1991 – Croatian War of Independence: Yugoslav People's Army forces captured the Croatian city of Vukovar, ending an 87-day siege.
More events: November 17 – November 18 – November 19
November 19: Liberation Day in Mali
- 1493 – Christopher Columbus became the first European to land on Puerto Rico, an island he named San Juan Bautista after John the Baptist.
- 1863 – American Civil War: U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
- 1941 – World War II: The Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney and the German auxiliary cruiser HSK Kormoran destroyed each other off the coast of Western Australia in the Indian Ocean.
- 1969 – Playing for Santos against Vasco da Gama at Estádio do Maracanã in Rio de Janeiro, Brazilian football player Pelé scored his 1000th goal on a penalty kick.
- 1999 – Shenzhou 1 (model pictured), China's first unmanned test flight of the Shenzhou spacecraft, was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Alxa League, Inner Mongolia.
More events: November 18 – November 19 – November 20
November 20: Zumbi Day in Brazil; Revolution Day in Mexico; Teacher's Day in Vietnam
- 284 – Diocletian became Roman Emperor, eventually establishing reforms that brought an end to the Crisis of the Third Century.
- 1820 – The American whaleship Essex sank 2,000 nautical miles (3,700 km) west of the western coast of South America after it was attacked by a sperm whale.
- 1902 – While discussing how to promote the newspaper L'Auto during a lunch meeting in Paris, sports journalists Henri Desgrange and Géo Lefèvre came up with the idea of holding a cycling race that became known as the Tour de France.